You knew I'd say this after my reaction to Walter Benjamin. Notwithstanding copywrite issues owing to longer-than-three-second-samples, while I don't quite agree that "the elevation of all consumers to potential creators thereby denies the composer or musician an aura of autonomy and authenticity (345)"-he'd have to qualify it with "presumed marketable" (autonomy and authenticity), and admit that this supposition is solipsistic to the composer-as-marketable-object- I think it highly inappropriate that Sanjek assumes that the creation of an effective musical collage is somehow divorced from "real" musicianship. As he says on the following page, "the recording [and, I say, the recording instrument] itself [is] a musical instrument". The sampling apperatus requires considerable skill to use effectively (don't believe me? try to create your own voices on your Japanese synthesizer); too, the sampling musician/DJ must have a developed musical-aesthetic sense in order to create effective pieces of music. A composer arranges tones, an interior designer arranges furniture. Is there, outside of copyright legalities, any objection to sampling/collage-as-music, or "real" art?